بررسی فیتوشیمیایی و اثر ضد قارچی اسانس گیاه دارویی Artemisia persica Boiss. در مقایسه با بورنئول سنتزی علیه قارچ Aspergillus niger

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه تنوع زیستی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه اکولوژی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران.

3 گروه بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران.

چکیده

اسانس گیاه دارویی درمنه ایرانی (Artemisia persica Boiss.) حاوی مواد موثره­ بورنئول و 1و8-­­­سینئول بوده و این ترکیبات آلی دارای خواص ضدمیکروبی و ضدقارچی می­باشند. در این پژوهش به جهت بررسی کمیت و کیفیت اسانس گیاه درمنه ایرانی در رویشگاه کرمان و میزان تاثیر بازدارندگی آن بر رشد قارچ آسپرژیلوس (Aspergillus niger)، سرشاخه­های گیاه در مرحله قبل از گلدهی گیاه (PF)، از رویشگاه طبیعی آن در حوالی کرمان در خردادماه 1394 جمع‌آوری گردید. اسانس­گیری به روش تقطیر با آب (طرح کلونجر) انجام شد و سپس ترکیبات تشکیل­دهنده اسانس با دستگاه گاز کروماتوگرافی متصل به طیف سنج جرمی (GC/MS) شناسایی گردید. بررسی اثر ضد قارچی اسانس گیاه علیه رشد قارچ آسپرژیلوس به روش چاهک با اندازه‌گیری قطر‌هاله عدم رشد بررسی شد و تعیین  MICنیز به روش ماکرودایلوشن در آزمایشگاه ارزیابی گردید. نتایج نشان داد بازده اسانس این گیاه (v/w) 55/1 درصد، از 39 ترکیب شناسایی شده در اسانس گیاه با خلوص 21/98 درصد از مهمترین مواد: بورنئول (82/32 درصد)، 1و8-سینئول (32/18 درصد)، کامفور (64/8 درصد) و کامفن (75/6 درصد) تشکیل شده است و اینکه اسانس درمنه ایرانی با رقت‌های 1، 2/1 دارای قدرت مهارکنندگی قابل ملاحظه­ای بر این سویه قارچ آسپرژیلوس نیجر در مقایسه با آنتی‌بیوتیک فلوکونازول می­باشد. بورنئول سنتزی هم با رقت 10 درصد هم قدرت مهارکنندگی قابل ملاحظه­ای بر رشد قارچ آسپرژیلوس نیجر داشت. اثر ضد قارچی اسانس گیاه درمنه ایرانی می­تواند به درصد بالای ترکیب‌های بورنئول و 1 و8-سینئول موجود در آن مرتبط دانست و احتمالاً بتوان از اسانس این گیاه به‌عنوان یک داروی گیاهی با اثرات ضدقارچی در صنایع مختلف غذایی، بهداشتی و دارویی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مراجع

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