بررسی و مقایسه فیتوشیمیایی و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی جمعیت های مختلف بومی شیرین‌بیان ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L) در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی - دانشکده کشاورزی - دانشگاه زنجان

2 گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان. زنجان ایران

3 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه زنجان

4 عضو هیئت علمی پژوهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

5 گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان ، ایران

چکیده

شیرین بیان (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) گیاهی است از تیره پروانه‌آساها، علفی، چند ساله و ایران یکی از کشورهای صادر کننده ریشه آن محسوب می شود. این گیاه در مناطق مختلف ایران رویش دارد از این رو بررسیتنوع فیتوشیمیایی مناطق مختلف حائز اهمیت است. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی محتوای ترکیبات فنلی و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی ریشه های به قطر 2 سانتی‌متر از جمعیت‌های شیرین‌بیان در 15 استان و 30 منطقه ایران در سال 1396مهرماه برداشت و جهت آنالیز به آزمایشگاه‌های گروه باغبانی دانشگاه زنجان منتقل شد. صفات فنل کل (روش فولین سیکالتو)، فلاونوئید کل (روش آلومینیوم کلراید)، آنتوسیانین (روش اختلاف pH) و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی (روشDPPH) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس داده ها نشان داد که در بین 30 جمعیت از نظر تمامی صفات در سطح یک درصد اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود دارد. صفات فنل کل بین 05/456 تا 826 میلی‌گرم گالیک اسید بر 100 گرم، فلاونوئید کل بین 25/1019 تا 62/2291میلی‌گرم کوئرسیتن بر 100 گرم، میزان آنتوسیانین بین 89/6 تا 24/26 میلی گرم سیانیدین- 3- گلوکوزید در لیتر، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی بین 07/62 تا 14/87 درصد متنوع بود. همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری بین صفت فنل کل با فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی در سطح یک درصد مشاهده شد، ولی با صفات فلاونوئید کل، آنتوسیانین و ارتفاع همبستگی معنی‌داری وجود نداشت. براساس نتایج حاصل از تجزیه کلاستر، 30 جمعیت شیرین‌بیان در دو گروه اصلی قرار گرفتند. ارزیابی جمعیت‌های از نظر صفات فیتوشیمیایی تنوع بالایی را نشان داد که جمعیت‌های N، KA، BA، T، E، Y، M، MR و SB را می‌توان به

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